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  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
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    • 专利摘要:
    Modular continuous anaerobic system for waste water purification. The invention relates to a system for the purification of wastewater comprising at least one external alpha module (1) located around at least one central beta module (2), where each external alpha module (1) comprises a water outlet located in its upper part connected to a structure for collecting (9) the waste water connected to the central module beta (2), where in turn each external module alpha (1) contains at least one bacterial support structure inside (5) with a series of internal passageways, supported by a support system (6) designed to be extracted by the upper end of each external alpha module (1). In turn, the central beta module (2) contains inside at least one conduit with at least one extraction system (11) for treated water and ending at its lower end in an opening (13) for the outlet of treated water in the beta central module (2), and where each alpha external module (1) and beta central module (2) comprises means for the extraction of sludge located at the lower end of said modules. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2760048A1
    申请号:ES201831090
    申请日:2018-11-12
    公开日:2020-05-12
    发明作者:Rodriguez Jose Luis Viesca；Toimil Noel Canto；Garrido Alberto Higuera；Areces Juan Enrique Alvarez；Garcia Albino Gonzalez；Martinez Pablo Fernandez；Battez Antolin Hernandez；Rodriguez Ruben Gonzalez
    申请人:Hulleras Del Norte S A S M E；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] TECHNICAL SECTOR
    [0005] The present invention relates to a new modular continuous system for the treatment of wastewater by anaerobic digestion. In particular, it refers to a modular digester for the biological purification of wastewater that allows working at different flow rates into the system, maintaining residence times and flow rates. It is therefore a particularly advantageous system for its flexibility when working under different operating conditions, for its ability to start up with imported bacterial flora and to work being fed with different flow rates, maintaining the efficiency of the process. The anaerobic digestion process carried out in said system is also an object of the invention.
    [0006]
    [0007] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0008] Wastewater treatment consists of a series of physical, chemical and biological processes that aim to eliminate contaminants in the water, producing clean or reusable water in the environment and solid waste (sludge).
    [0009]
    [0010] In the 1980s, anaerobic digesters for agricultural uses had great development in Europe, as they were very advantageous in treating effluents with a high content of organic matter, for which the aerobic option required non-competitive size facilities. Anaerobic digestion is currently also applied to the treatment of urban and industrial non-agri-food wastewater, as an alternative to the conventional aerobic process.
    [0011]
    [0012] In anaerobic digestion, a gaseous product (biogas) is obtained from organic matter in an oxygen-poor atmosphere through the action of different groups of bacteria. As residual product, a mixture of organic fillers of difficult degradation and mineral products (N, K, Ca, etc.) is obtained. The advantage of this process is that it allows the production of renewable energy (between 50 and 70% of biogas is methane capable of being used as an energy source) and reduce the production of greenhouse gases (both due to the reduction of CH4 and CO 2 emissions).
    [0013]
    [0014] The reactions necessary for optimal waste processing can be divided into two lines of action: a carbon line and a nitrogen line.
    [0015]
    [0016] In the carbon line, the proteins, carbohydrates and lipids contained in the water to be treated are mainly degraded and it is characterized by the following reactions: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. One of the main problems of this line is the appearance of inhibitors, the control of pH (which in turn depends on the CO2 - HCO3- balance) and the C / N ratio are essential.
    [0017]
    [0018] On the other hand, in the nitrogen line, urea, ammonium ion (NH4 +), NO2- and NO3- are successively degraded. This line is essential to control the C / N ratio and keep it at optimal values that ensure that the reactions of the carbon line are fully developed.
    [0019]
    [0020] Biological wastewater treatment processes may consist of suspension culture processes in which the microorganisms that degrade organic matter are kept in suspension within the liquid medium or fixed culture processes in which the microorganisms are fixed to a medium inert.
    [0021]
    [0022] In particular, in the state of the art it is possible to find the following systems to carry out anaerobic digestion:
    [0023] 1) Complete Mixing Reactor without Recirculation: It usually consists of a tank in which the mixture is standardized by non-vigorous agitation of the same, maintaining a more or less uniform substrate / microorganism ratio. Although it is one of the simplest systems, it is also one of the most time-consuming;
    [0024] 2) Complete Mixing Reactor with Recirculation: This is a similar system to the previous one, but with partial recirculation of the effluent. During recirculation, the effluent is degassed to favor the subsequent settling of solids (biological flocs) that are recirculated to the digester. With this system, it preserves the stock of microorganisms and the residence times are lower than those of the reactor without recirculation;
    [0025] ) Piston Flow Reactor: In this case, the mixture presents a higher concentration of microorganisms at the inlet of the tributary. To improve the distribution of microorganisms in the integrity of the volume, biogas can be injected under pressure in the part with the highest concentration, obtaining a better homogenization of the mixture;
    [0026] ) Biomass Retention Reactor without Recirculation: The presence and maintenance of biomass within the reactor shortens residence times, which results in greater system efficiency. The retention of this biomass is generally carried out by immobilization on supports (anaerobic filters and fluidized beds) or by flocculation of the biomass and conservation by gravity (mud bed):
    [0027] to. In anaerobic filter systems, anaerobic bacteria form biofilms that adhere to generally inert supports or formed by materials that promote their attachment and / or growth; b. In fluidized bed systems small inert particles are used that support bacteria and remain fluidized by the upward flow of fluid;
    [0028] c. In sludge bed systems the flocculation of bacteria is also pursued, but without inert particles as the basis of the flocs. Its permanence in the reactor is obtained through the balance between sedimentation and entrainment exerted by the flow. It requires a separator in the upper part to avoid the loss of biomass and extract the biogas; ) Discontinuous Systems: These are systems in which the fluid remains confined throughout the process. The processes carried out in these reactors are discontinuous, since the production of biogas varies analogously to the population of microorganisms with periods of latency, seasonality and decrease. As in any discrete approach to a continuous solution, this can be achieved by iterating the discrete systems, that is, using several digesters with successive start-up times; ) Two-Stage Systems: These systems consist of a first stage with a high retention time that supplies a shorter second stage where organic matter and fatty acids resulting from the first are digested. phase;
    [0029] 7) Two-Phase Systems: They consist of two reactors in series in which the processes of acidogenesis and methanogenesis are carried out individually, resulting in retention times lower than those of fully mixed reactors;
    [0030] 8) Hybrid Systems: They are those that result from the combination of several of the systems previously described.
    [0031]
    [0032] After a background search, the following state of the art documents have been found:
    [0033]
    [0034] Spanish patent application ES1156462, in which an anaerobic digester is described, characterized in that it comprises a central body with a hemispherical shape where anaerobic digestion occurs, a loading chamber through which the digester is fed, and a stirring system from the biogas recirculated by a circulation pipe.
    [0035]
    [0036] In turn, in the Spanish patent application ES1205187 a sequential anaerobic digester for effluent purification is described by means of at least two hermetically closed reactors. The system therefore comprises a first fixed-bed reactor with acidogenic bacteria and a second fluidized-bed reactor and is characterized in that the first reactor has an internal volume of between 1.5 and 3 times the daily incoming flow rate of effluent and because the second reactor has an interior volume comprised between 2.2 and 1.7 times the volume of the first reactor.
    [0037]
    [0038] Patent ES2393772 describes an equipment for biological purification of wastewater configured in a single anaerobic digester with phase separation to perform anaerobic hydrolytic and methanogenic digestion. The equipment is made up of a body with two concentric walls. Ceramic pieces are located in the internal body of the equipment where anaerobic digestion of water takes place, while a chamber with a lower compartment is located perimeter, where a methanogenic digestion takes place. The reactor in turn comprises water recirculation ducts to a new digestion receptacle, and gas outlet ducts, as well as a lower outlet for sludge.
    [0039] As can be inferred from the state of the art, the main parameters of interest for an anaerobic digester are:
    [0040] to. the retention time which, at a constant flow rate (inherent to the installation that generates the waste) and with a constant volume of the reactor, cannot be regulated;
    [0041] b. the conservation and distribution of the microorganisms so that, the greater the quantity of microorganisms, the shorter the retention time; and c. control over the inhibitors of each phase such as increased acidity (pH), C / N ratio, the presence of ammonium ion, etc.
    [0042]
    [0043] Control over N by systems known to date has been shown to be insufficient. Likewise, the C / N ratio has been shown to be critical in its influence on biogas generation. Different experiments carried out in the development of the invention have shown that, at C / N ratios of 2 or 3, the production of biogas increases considerably with increasing presence of C in the test fluid.
    [0044]
    [0045] The problem that remains to be solved in the current state of the art is, mainly, the following:
    [0046] • the impossibility of regulating transit speeds and retention times when working with constant volumes and with the inlet flow being generated by the installation (constant);
    [0047] • the loss of microorganisms in the effluent;
    [0048] • the slow start-up of the reactors due to the lack of initial bacterial flora;
    [0049] • correct degradation of the nitrogen line to maintain an optimal C / N ratio;
    [0050] • pH regulation;
    [0051] • the impossibility of complying with the reactor volumes in continuous two-phase systems with real nominal flows to guarantee the required retention times;
    [0052] • the impossibility of working with partial flows as it cannot guarantee retention times under conditions other than design;
    [0053] • the accumulation of high COD fats and the trapping of gas and flocs of microorganisms in them;
    [0054] • the flocculation of bacteria, minimizing their losses.
    [0055]
    [0056] The system object of the invention allows solving the above problems, which are not currently solved by the state of the art, in the way detailed below.
    [0057]
    [0058] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0059] It is, therefore, a first object of the invention a modular continuous anaerobic system for the purification of wastewater characterized in that it comprises a plurality of external alpha modules of tubular geometry located around at least one central beta module, also of tubular geometry, each alpha outer module and beta central module being closed by an upper cover and a lower cover located respectively at the upper and lower end of each alpha outer module and beta central module.
    [0060]
    [0061] Each alpha outdoor module comprises at least one wastewater inlet system located at its bottom end and a treated wastewater outlet located at its top. Said outlet is carried out through a conduit that is connected through an elbow to a structure for collecting the wastewater treated in the external alpha modules, located around the central beta module. Said collection structure is connected to the beta central module through a connecting duct that is introduced to the beta central module at its lower end.
    [0062]
    [0063] In turn, each alpha exterior module comprises at least one bacterial support structure with a series of internal passageways, said bacterial support structure (s) being supported by a localized support system. inside each alpha exterior module. Said support system will preferably be designed to be extracted by the upper end of each alpha outer module, through the upper cover.
    [0064]
    [0065] The beta central module contains at least one conduit with at least one treated water extraction system, said conduit being connected to a drive system to control the opening of said extraction system (s). Likewise, said conduit ends at its lower end in an opening for the outlet of the treated water in the beta central module.
    [0066]
    [0067] Additionally, each alpha outer module and beta central module comprise at their lower end means for the extraction of the sludge that accumulates throughout the process.
    [0068]
    [0069] Another object of the invention is a process for the purification of wastewater carried out in the system object of the invention.
    [0070]
    [0071] This process includes:
    [0072] (a) introducing the wastewater to be treated into at least one alpha exterior module through a wastewater inlet system located at the bottom of each alpha exterior module;
    [0073] (b) subjecting the wastewater to be treated in at least one alpha exterior module to a reaction of hydrolysis and acidogenesis, as they pass through at least one bacterial support structure located inside each alpha exterior module;
    [0074] (c) once the wastewater is treated in the alpha exterior modules that are in operation, said treated wastewater leaves each alpha exterior module at its upper end, and is then led to a structure for collecting the treated wastewater ;
    [0075] (d) thereafter, the treated wastewater is led from the collection structure to the central beta module, entering said central beta module at its lower end;
    [0076] (e) in said central beta module, the wastewater is subjected to acetogenesis and methanogenesis reactions, thus completing the biodigestion process. These waters are extracted through at least one extraction system located in at least one conduit located inside said central beta module.
    [0077] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0078]
    [0079] To promote understanding of the object of the invention, the following figures are attached to the present description:
    [0080]
    [0081] Figure 1: Simplified general view in elevation and plan of the claimed system.
    [0082]
    [0083] Figure 2: Simplified sectional view of the claimed system, showing the arrangement of the bacterial support structures, their possibility of extraction and replacement, and the extraction systems located in the central beta module.
    [0084]
    [0085] Figure 3: Simplified isometric perspective view of the claimed system.
    [0086]
    [0087] List of references:
    [0088]
    [0089] 1. Alpha outdoor module
    [0090] 2. Central beta module
    [0091] 3. Wastewater inlet system
    [0092] 4. Bottom cover
    [0093] 5. Bacterial support structure
    [0094] 6. Support system for bacterial support structures
    [0095] 7. Top cover
    [0096] 8. Elbow
    [0097] 9. Structure for the collection of treated water in the external alpha modules (1) 10. Connection duct between the structure for the collection of treated water in the alpha external modules (1) and the central beta module (2)
    [0098] 11. Water extraction system of the beta central module (2)
    [0099] 12. Extraction systems drive system (11)
    [0100] 13. Opening for the exit of the treated waters in the beta central module (2)
    [0101]
    [0102] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0103] As seen in Figure 1, the invention relates to a modular continuous anaerobic system for wastewater treatment characterized by comprising one or more tubular geometry alpha (1) external modules located around at least one central beta module ( 2), also of tubular geometry, each external module being alpha (1) and central module beta (2) closed by means of a closure system that may consist of an upper cover (7) and a lower cover (4) located respectively at the upper and lower end of each external alpha module (1) and central beta module (2) to allow the extraction of sludge and other maintenance or cultivation work through its partial or total opening. The number of alpha exterior modules (1) will be at least 1, although in a preferred embodiment of the invention the digester configuration will comprise 6 alpha exterior modules (1), which will preferably be located around the central beta module (2).
    [0104]
    [0105] By external module alpha (1) is meant the device where the hydrolysis and acidogenesis reactions of the wastewater take place.
    [0106]
    [0107] By beta central module (2) is understood the device where the reactions of acetogenesis and methanogenesis of wastewater take place, after being previously subjected to the reactions of hydrolysis and acidogenesis.
    [0108]
    [0109] Each external alpha module (1) of the system comprises at least one wastewater inlet system (3) preferably located at its lower end and one wastewater outlet treated in the alpha module (after being subjected to the hydrolysis and acidogenesis reactions ), located at the top of each external alpha module (1). This outlet of treated wastewater in the outdoor module alpha (1) is carried out through a conduit that may comprise an elbow (8) through which the treated wastewater is led to a collection structure (9) of wastewater preferably consisting of a ring-shaped or circumferential structure located around the central beta module (2). Said collection structure (9) is suitable for collecting the treated wastewater from all the external alpha modules (1) that are active. This design allows the cylindrical structure of the modules to be the same for the external alpha modules (1) and the central beta module or modules (2), reducing the manufacturing costs of the system.
    [0110]
    [0111] The system additionally comprises at least one connecting conduit (10) between the collection structure (9) and the beta central module (2), said connecting conduit (10) entering the beta central module (2) at its lower end.
    [0112] Additionally, each alpha exterior module (1) comprises within it at least one bacterial support structure (5) and, preferably, a series of bacterial support structures (5) located along the longitudinal axis of each alpha exterior module ( one). Said bacterial support structures (5) will preferably be used in the form of discs crossed by a series of internal passageways to allow the passage of the waste water through them. Preferably, the bacterial support structures (5) will be supported by a support system (6) that may consist of an axis that vertically passes through the external alpha module (1) and that allows the extraction of the bacterial support structure (s). (5) through the top cover (7) of each alpha external module (1). In this way, it is achieved that the system includes seedbeds of bacteria and it is possible to reduce the start-up time of the system, starting from already populated supports. A bacteria nursery is the place where bacteria in the system are attached and maintained.
    [0113]
    [0114] The size of the internal passageways of the bacterial support structures (5) may vary depending on the volume of the suspended particles contained in the wastewater, being able to adapt to any size of the same.
    [0115]
    [0116] The central beta module (2) can contain inside it at least one conduit with at least one extraction system (11) for treated water and preferably a plurality of extraction systems (11) located at different heights along said conduit contained in the beta core module (2). Thanks to these extraction systems (11), which may consist of adequate openings to allow the passage of the treated waters, it is possible to maintain the reaction times even when the system works at partial and non-nominal loads of the residual waters that will be subjected to treatment. For this, the extraction systems (11) can be activated individually or in its entirety by means of an actuation system (12) that may consist of a suitable mechanical system to control the opening of the different extraction systems (11) individually, in depending on the number of alpha (1) outdoor modules in operation.
    [0117]
    [0118] Both the waste water inlet or injection systems (3) and the extraction systems (11) will preferably be located in the positions that allow the creation of adequate currents to facilitate the reactions of the acetogenic and methanogenic stages of the wastewater treatment process.
    [0119]
    [0120] In addition to the extraction systems (11), the conduit located inside the central beta module (2) will end at its lower end in an opening (13) for the outlet of the treated water in the central beta module (2), once anaerobic digestion process finished.
    [0121]
    [0122] The proportion of volumes of the different modules will preferably be in accordance with the digestion times required in the different phases of the process, hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis.
    [0123]
    [0124] Preferably, each alpha (1) outer module and beta (2) central module will additionally comprise means for stirring the sludge contained in said modules by mechanical means and / or gas injection (preferably biogas) and / or water tributary residues, as well as means for the extraction of the sludge, located at the lower end of each module, where the sludge is deposited by decantation. In this way, by stirring up the sludge, both the biogas they retain and the flocs of bacteria that may have been trapped in the sludge and thus return to their habitat will be released.
    [0125]
    [0126] Likewise, the system may comprise means for the recirculation of the sludge, preferably after a pre-treatment, to the external alpha modules (1) or to the beta module (2). In this way, it will be possible to improve the efficiency of the process.
    [0127]
    [0128] In another particular embodiment of the invention, the system may additionally comprise means for regulating the pH, which will preferably be carried out by controlling the partial pressure of CO2 in the different modules of the system.
    [0129]
    [0130] Additionally, the external alpha modules (1) and the central beta module (s) may comprise access points for the introduction of suitable catalysts to accelerate the different reactions of the wastewater treatment process.
    [0131]
    [0132] One of the advantages of the system object of the invention is that it allows to improve the residence times by increasing the bacterial support surface for the same plant surface of the system. As the hydrolytic reaction requires the highest retention times and the speed of this reaction is proportional to the bacterial density, the claimed system allows the retention times to be reduced up to 2.4 times in this phase. Since in the state of the art many systems require up to 3 days of permanence in the hydrolytic phase, the design of the present invention involves significant economic and resource savings.
    [0133]
    [0134] Likewise, the increase in the surface of the bacterial support allows the construction of smaller volume reactors, with a reduction in size of up to 2.4 times with respect to current designs in which the same processes are carried out.
    [0135]
    [0136] Likewise, the claimed system improves the start-up of the system, allowing, thanks to its design, the exchange of bacterial support structures (5) easily thanks to its simple removal of the external alpha modules (1). Thus, being a modular system, the bacterial support structures (5) introduced into the system may be made of or covered with the bacteria necessary for the wastewater treatment reactions, and the bacterial support structures (5) can be used. extracted from alpha (1) external modules to install them in new modules, allowing a gradual start-up of the installation, always with a high initial percentage of microorganisms present. This will ensure that the digester does not start in vacuum, that is, that its start-up is not from scratch, since it already has microorganisms in its supports. Likewise, the creation of the bacterial flora required for the process will be accelerated. Currently this is impossible since the digesters known in the state of the art are sealed and, therefore, it would be tremendously expensive to remove the supports contained therein.
    [0137]
    [0138] Additionally, the design of the claimed system allows to increase the length of the path of the particles contained in the wastewater within the external modules alpha (1) increasing, for the same speed, the time they spend in the system.
    [0139]
    [0140] In summary, the main advantage of the claimed system is that, being a Modular system, allows an optimal operation of the process at partial loads, respecting the retention times necessary for the reactions to develop optimally, by disconnecting one or more alpha external modules (1). In this way, it is possible to improve the work capacity at non-nominal flows, since the modular design allows modifying the size of the installation according to the flow. This novel concept therefore allows optimizing flow rates and / or retention times, adapting to the characteristics of the fluid to be treated. It also allows facilities that require it to incorporate a system that easily meets their future needs with little modification.
    [0141]
    [0142] Likewise, the modular system allows the sowing of supports in at least one of the alpha (1) external modules to be able to later introduce them as seeds in some (s) or in all the other alpha (1) external modules, thus avoiding starting in vacuum that digesters currently suffer. In this way, the time required to start biogas production is reduced. This modular system object of the present invention also makes it possible to size the installation in the future without thereby losing efficiency at the time of its commissioning. Likewise, it allows not stopping the production of biogas if there is a drop in the influent flow, keeping part of the alpha (1) external modules in operation and, consequently, the retention times calculated for the installation.
    [0143]
    [0144] The process for the purification of waste water carried out in the system object of the invention is also an object of the invention.
    [0145]
    [0146] In particular, the process can be used to treat urban wastewater, consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds and a high number of microorganisms. Although the composition of this type of waste can vary greatly depending on the origin of the waste, in principle the digester object of the present invention can be used to treat all types of wastewater.
    [0147]
    [0148] In this way, the process includes the introduction of the wastewater to be treated in at least one external alpha module (1) by means of a water inlet system. residuals (3) located at the bottom of each alpha exterior module (1).
    [0149]
    [0150] In said alpha external module (1) the hydrolysis and acidogenesis reactions of the wastewater take place, as they pass through the bacterial support structures (5) located along the longitudinal axis of each alpha external module (1).
    [0151]
    [0152] The wastewater, after being treated in the alpha (1) outdoor modules that it is decided to activate (depending on the volume of wastewater that needs to be treated) will leave each alpha (1) outdoor module through a conduit that will lead them to a structure for collecting (9) the treated wastewater from all the external alpha modules (1) that are active.
    [0153]
    [0154] In a particular embodiment of the process, this may comprise the extraction of the bacterial support structures (5) from at least one operating alpha external module (1) and their introduction into at least one non-operational alpha external module (1), to its launch. In this way, it is possible to reduce the start-up time of the system, starting from already populated supports. Likewise, the number of bacterial support structures (5) that is reintroduced in each alpha external module (1) may be adapted, depending on the needs of the system.
    [0155]
    [0156] Next, the treated wastewater in each external alpha module (1) is led from the collection structure (9) to the central beta module (2), entering said central beta module (2) at its lower end. In said central beta module (2) the reactions of acetogenesis and methanogenesis of the wastewater take place.
    [0157]
    [0158] After the retention time necessary for the process to complete has elapsed, the wastewater is extracted from the beta central module (2) through at least one extraction system (11) located in at least one duct contained in the central module (2). The process may comprise the activation of said extraction system (s) (11) by means of a drive system (12).
    [0159]
    [0160] Additionally, the process may include the agitation of the sludge contained in the modules by mechanical means and / or injection of biogas and / or tributary, as well as the extraction of the sludge accumulated in the lower part of the external alpha modules (1) and the central beta module (2). Likewise, the process may comprise the recirculation of the sludge, preferably after being previously treated, to at least one external alpha module (1) and / or the central beta module (2).
    [0161]
    [0162] In another particular embodiment of the invention, the process may further comprise pH regulation, since acidity and alkalinity are one of the main inhibitors of these systems. This regulation of pH will preferably be carried out by regulating the pressure inside the digester, controlling the pressure of the CO2 in solution. For the stability of the pH, the CO2-HCO3 balance is important. "However, the main novelty of the object of the present invention is that the regulation of the presence of CO 2 in solution is carried out by varying the internal pressure of the In this way, modifying the pressure inside each external alpha module (1) or central beta module (2) controls the concentration of CO2 in the solution and, thus, the pH of the system.
    [0163]
    [0164] In a particular embodiment of the invention, the process may also comprise the flocculation or buoyancy of the microorganisms or bacteria contained in the beta central module or modules (2) by including positive buoyancy microparticles that may consist of hollow microspheres that recirculate a Once they reach the top of the bed. In other particular embodiments of the invention, the process may comprise the use of particles without buoyancy driven by hydraulic and / or pneumatic currents.
    [0165]
    [0166] Likewise, the process may include the addition of catalysts in the different alpha (1) external modules or in the beta (2) central module to favor the different reactions that take place inside.
    [0167]
    [0168] Finally, the process may include feedback in the phases of the external alpha modules (1) and the central beta module (2) when the extracted water does not meet the criteria established to proceed to the next phase.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. Modular continuous anaerobic system for wastewater treatment characterized in that it comprises at least one external module alpha (1) of tubular geometry located around at least one central module beta (2), also of tubular geometry, each external module being alpha (1) and beta central module (2) closed by means of an upper cover (7) and a lower cover (4) located respectively at the upper and lower end of each external alpha module (1) and beta central module (2),
    where each alpha exterior module (1) comprises at least one wastewater inlet system (3) located at its lower end and a treated wastewater outlet in each alpha exterior module (1) located in its upper part, said outlet being connected through an elbow (8) to a structure for collecting (9) the treated wastewater in each external module alpha (1), located around the central module beta (2), said collection structure (9) being connected to the beta central module (2) through a connecting duct (10) which is introduced to the beta central module (2) at its lower end,
    where, in turn, each external alpha module (1) comprises at least one bacterial support structure (5) with a series of internal passageways, said bacterial support structure (5) being supported by a support system ( 6) located inside the alpha outer module (1), said support system (6) being designed to be extracted by the upper end of each alpha outer module (1), through the upper cover (7),
    where the central beta module (2) contains within it at least one conduit with at least one extraction system (11) for treated water in the central beta module (2), said conduit being connected to a drive system (12) suitable for controlling the opening of the extraction systems (11) and ending at its lower end in an opening (13) for the outlet of treated water in the central beta module (2),
    and where each external alpha module (1) and central beta module (2) comprises means for the extraction of sludge located at the lower end of said modules.
    [2]
    2. System according to claim 1, where the number of modules exterior alpha (1) equals 6.
    [3]
    3. System according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each alpha outer module (1) and beta inner module (2) additionally comprises sludge stirring means selected from a group consisting of mechanical means, means for injection gas and waste water injection means, as well as any of their combinations.
    [4]
    4. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for the extraction of sludge located at the lower end of each external alpha module (1) and central beta module (2), as well as means for recirculation from the sludge to at least one alpha external module (1) and / or the beta central module (2).
    [5]
    5. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally comprises means for pH regulation.
    [6]
    6. Process for purifying wastewater carried out in a system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises:
    (a) introducing the wastewater to be treated in at least one alpha exterior module (1) by means of a wastewater inlet system (3) located at the bottom of each alpha exterior module (1);
    (b) subjecting the wastewater to a hydrolysis and acidogenesis reaction, as the bacterial support structure (s) (5) located inside each external alpha module (1) in operation go through; (c) once treated in the external alpha (1) modules in operation, the wastewater leaves each external alpha (1) module at its upper end, and is then led to a structure for collecting (9) the wastewater treated in each external module alpha (1);
    (d) thereafter, the treated wastewater is led from the collection structure (9) to the beta central module (2), entering said beta central module (2) through its lower end;
    (e) finally, the wastewater introduced into the beta central module (2) is subjected to an acetogenesis and methanogenesis reaction giving rise to wastewater treated in the beta central module (2), which is extracted through at least one extraction system (11) located in at least one conduit located inside said beta central module (2).
    [7]
    7. Process according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the extraction of the bacterial support structure (s) (5) contained in at least one working alpha external module (1) and its introduction in at least one non-operational alpha (1) external module, for its start-up.
    [8]
    8. Process according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the external modules alpha (1) and central module beta (2) generate sludge that is agitated by means of agitation selected from a group consisting of mechanical means, means for gas injection and means for injection of waste water, as well as any of their combinations.
    [9]
    9. Process according to claim 8, wherein said sludge is extracted and recirculated to at least one external alpha module (1) and / or to the central beta module (2).
    [10]
    10. Process according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that it additionally comprises regulating the pH by controlling the pressure inside the outer alpha modules (1) and the central beta module (2).
    [11]
    11. Process according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the beta core module (2) contains bacteria inside which are subjected to a flocculation process by including positive buoyancy microparticles.
    [12]
    12. Process according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that it comprises adding catalysts in at least one alpha external module (1) and / or in the beta central module (2) to favor the reactions that are carried out out inside.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2760048B2|2021-05-14|
    引用文献:
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    GB2276374A|1993-03-25|1994-09-28|Graesser Contactors Ltd|Means for continuous digestion of organic matter|
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